Community protective factors

Community suicide protective factors are aspects of the broader social environment that can help protect us against suicide risk.

A supportive, inclusive community fosters a sense of belonging, provides resources, and reduces feelings of isolation—key elements in suicide prevention.

Some of the most important community protective factors include:

  1. Strong social connections: Communities that promote social cohesion, where people feel connected and invested in each other’s wellbeing, provide us with a sense of belonging. Local events, social clubs, volunteer opportunities, and community centres can foster connections that help reduce isolation.
  2. Accessible mental health support: Communities that offer a range of accessible mental health support ensure that when we're in need, we access help and support. 
  3. Crisis support: Community resources such as urgent mental health helplines, provide immediate help when we’re experiencing distress. These services offer an important safety net and can connect people to more long-term support.
  4. Safe and inclusive spaces: Communities that create inclusive spaces, especially for marginalised groups such as LGBTQIA+ individuals, immigrants, can help us feel accepted and valued. Safe spaces reduce discrimination and stigma, allowing us to feel free to be ourselves without fear, which can significantly lower suicide risk.
  5. Promoting awareness and reducing stigma: Public awareness campaigns and educational programmes that address mental health and suicide prevention encourage open discussion and reduce stigma. When communities normalise mental health conversations, we are more likely to reach out for help without fear of judgment.
  6. Youth programmes and mentorship: Programmes focused on young people, such as sports, art, or academic clubs, can help foster resilience and provide guidance.
  7. Economic and employment support: Financial strain is a significant risk factor for suicide, so communities that offer job training programmes, employment services, and financial assistance can help reduce stress. Secure employment and financial stability provide us with a sense of purpose, security, and independence.
  8. Support for risk groups: Communities that provide specific support for groups at higher risk for suicide (such as veterans, older adults, or survivors of trauma) offer tailored resources to meet unique needs. This targeted support can foster resilience and address risk factors specific to each group.
  9. Cultural and spiritual connection: Religious organisations, cultural groups, and spiritual communities can foster a strong sense of belonging and provide emotional support. Many of us draw hope, strength, and meaning from cultural and spiritual practices, which can help us navigate difficult times.
  10. Educational and prevention programmes: Community programmes that educate about stress management, coping skills, and mental health first aid empower people to manage challenges and help others. These programmes equip us with knowledge and tools to support ourselves and those around us.
  11. Encouraging volunteering and community service: Communities that foster a culture of service and volunteering create opportunities for people to engage meaningfully with others. Giving back provides a sense of purpose and connection, reducing loneliness and fostering positive mental health.
  12. Physical environment safety: Communities that make physical changes to reduce access to common means of suicide can help reduce suicide rates. Safe, well-lit public spaces also reduce crime and promote a sense of security, contributing to overall mental wellbeing.

By strengthening these protective factors, communities create a more supportive and resilient environment where we can all feel valued, connected, and able to seek help without fear. This, in turn, helps reduce suicide risk and promotes collective mental wellbeing.